Urban mobility is non-stationary, i.e. the precise number of vehicles or passengers is changing constantly, and with a limited predictability. Transportation systems will be more effective if they can adapt at the same timescales at which the demand changes. Self-organization offers one way of implementing this desired adaptability. Dr. Gershenson will present two examples: self-organizing traffic lights, which achieve quasi-optimal performance and self-organizing public transportation systems, which achieve supraoptimal performance.